ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of biofeedback training on electrical activity of trapezius muscles and flexion range of motion in people with shoulder impingement syndrome
Introduction: The aim of present study was to determine the effect of biofeedback training on electrical activity of trapezius muscles and range of motion in people with shoulder impingement syndrome.Martials and Methods: In this study, 20 patients with shoulder impingement syndrome in age range of 20-40 y were selected as the statistical sample and were divided into experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The experimental group trained by using EMG biofeedback for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The control group was applied only for pre-test and post-test measurements. For data collection, surface electromyography was used to analyze the muscle activity patterns of trapezius muscles (upper, middle, lower), and a goniometer was executed to evaluate the flexion. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to confirm the normality of the data and covariance analysis test was applied to compare pre-test and post-test. Correlated t-test was used to examine within-group changes.Results: In this study, after 8 weeks of biofeedback training in the experimental group, a significant improvement in the electrical activity of the middle trapezius (P=0.000) and lower trapezius muscles (P=0.016) was observed. In addition, a significant improvement in the amount of flexion range of motion (P=0.000) was indicated in the experimental group compared to the pretest and also the control group (P=0.05). However, no significant difference was shown in the muscle activity of the upper trapezius muscle (P=0.776).Conclusion: The present study showed that biofeedback training is effective to improve the electrical activity of trapezius muscle and flexion in people with SIS.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86131_0644def08fc3b32e3a8f5fd404c234a7.pdf
2020-07-01
125
133
10.22059/sshr.2020.86131
Biofeedback Training
Electrical Muscle Activity
range of motion
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome
Hadi
Miri
hd.miri@aut.ac.ir
1
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Fariborz
Hovanloo
f_hovanloo@sbu.ac.ir
2
Department of Health and Sports Rehabilitation, Physical Education and Sport Science Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mojtaba
Rahimi Bidhendi
mr.mrahimi2015@gmail.com
3
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Raja University, Qazvin, Iran. ID: JESM-202201-1040 (Corresponding author: Email: mr.mrahimi2015@gmail.com)
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] Szyluk K, jasinski A, Koczy B, Widuchowski W, Widuchowski J. “Subacromial impingement syndrome —most frequent reason of the painful shoulder syndrome”. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2008; 25(146): 179-83.
1
[2] Geraets JJ, Goossens ME, de Groot IJ, de Bruijn CP, de Bie RA, Dinant GJ, van der Heijden G, van den Heuvel WJ. “Effectiveness of a graded exercise therapy program for patients with chronic shoulder complaints”. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy. 2005; 51(2): 87-94.
2
[3] Feleus A, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Miedema HS, Bernsen RM, Verhaar JA, Koes BW. “Incidence of non-traumatic complaints of arm, neck and shoulder in general practice”. Manual Therapy. 2008; 13(5): 426-33.
3
[4] Kooijman M, Swinkels I, van Dijk C, de Bakker D, Veenhof C. “Patients with shoulder syndromes in general and physiotherapy practice: an observational study”. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2013; 14(1): 1-7.
4
[5] Cools AM, Witvrouw EE, Declercq GA, Danneels LA, Cambier DC. “Scapular muscle recruitment patterns: trapezius muscle latency with and without impingement symptoms”. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2003; 31(4): 542-9.
5
[6] Ludewig PM, Hoff MS, Osowski EE, Meschke SA, Rundquist PJ. “Relative balance of serratus anterior and upper trapezius muscle activity during push-up exercises”. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2004; 32(2): 484-93.
6
[7] Holtermann, A., Mork, P. J., Andersen, L. L., Olsen, H. B., & Søgaard, K. (2010). The use of EMG biofeedback for learning of selective activation of intra-muscular parts within the serratus anterior muscle: a novel approach for rehabilitation of scapular muscle imbalance. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 20(2), 359-365.
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[8] Giggins OM, Persson UM, Caulfield B. “Biofeedback in rehabilitation”. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation. 2013; 10(1): 1-11.
8
[9] Garrido JC, Vas J, Lopez DR. “Acupuncture treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome: a randomized controlled trial”. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2016; 25: 92-7.
9
[10] Mehrabian H, Letafatkar A, Barati AH, Abbasi A, Shojaedin SS. “Comparison of Electromyographic Activity of Selected Shoulder Muscles and Scapulohumeral Rhythm in Elite Male Swimmers with and without Shoulder Impingement Syndrome”. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2019 Dec 22; 8(4): 132-43. [in Persian]
10
[11] Ludewig PM, Cook TM. “Alterations in shoulder kinematics and associated muscle activity in people with symptoms of shoulder impingement”. Physical Therapy. 2000; 80(3): 276-91.
11
[12] Çalış M, Akgün K, Birtane M, Karacan I, Çalış H, Tüzün F. “Diagnostic values of clinical diagnostic tests in subacromial impingement syndrome”. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2000; 59(1): 44-7.
12
[13] Lopes AD, Timmons MK, Grover M, Ciconelli RM, Michener LA. “Visual scapular dyskinesis: kinematics and muscle activity alterations in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome”. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2015; 96(2): 298-306.
13
[14] Son JI, Lim OB, Han HR, Cynn HS, Yi CH. “Selective muscle activation with visual electromyographic biofeedback during scapular posterior tilt exercise in subjects with round-shoulder posture”. Physical Therapy Korea. 2015; 22(4): 17-26.
14
[15] Huang HY, Lin JJ, Guo YL, Wang WT, Chen YJ. “EMG biofeedback effectiveness to alter muscle activity pattern and scapular kinematics in subjects with and without shoulder impingement”. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2013; 23(1): 267-74.
15
[16] Ellenbecker TS, Cools A. “Rehabilitation of shoulder impingement syndrome and rotator cuff injuries: an evidence-based review”. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2010; 44(5): 319-27.
16
[17] Kibler BW, McMullen J. “Scapular dyskinesis and its relation to shoulder pain”. JAAOS-Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2003; 11(2): 142-51.
17
[18] Lin JJ, Lim HK, Soto-quijano DA, Hanten WP, Olson SL, Roddey TS, Sherwood AM. “Altered patterns of muscle activation during performance of four functional tasks in patients with shoulder disorders: interpretation from voluntary response index”. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2006; 16(5): 458-68.
18
[19] Cools AM, Dewitte V, Lanszweert F, Notebaert D, Roets A, Soetens B, Cagnie B, Witvrouw EE. “Rehabilitation of scapular muscle balance: which exercises to prescribe?”. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2007; 35(10): 1744-51.
19
[20] Seo GJ, Park JW, Kwon Y. “Comparison of the electromyographic activity in the lower trapezius muscle according to four different types of exercises in healthy adults”. The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy. 2019;31(2):134-9.
20
[21] Borstad JD, Ludewig PM. “The effect of long versus short pectoralis minor resting length on scapular kinematics in healthy individuals”. Journal of Orthopedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2005; 35(4): 227-38.
21
[22] Chilgar LK, Mhatre B, Gandhi H, Mehta A. “Effect of motor control retraining of scapular stabilizers versus mulligan mobilisation with movement in shoulder impingement syndrome. Imsear journal. 2020; ID: sea-206188
22
[23] Kim Y, Song H. “The effects of exercise rehabilitation on shoulder range of motion, ASES score and VAS after rotator cuff repair”. Rehabilitation Science. 2020; 4(4): 61-6
23
[24] Peteraitis T, Smedes F. “Scapula motor control training with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation in chronic subacromial impingement syndrome: A case report”. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 2020; 24(3): 165-71.
24
[25] Senbursa G, Baltacı G, Atay A. “Comparison of conservative treatment with and without manual physical therapy for patients with shoulder impingement syndrome: A prospective, randomized clinical trial”. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2007; 15(7): 915-21.
25
[26] Shojaedin SS, Amirii H, Barati AH. “The effect of 6 weeks resistance exercises with Elastic-band on joint pain and range of motion in athlete men with shoulder impingement syndrome.” RJMS. 2014; 21 (119) :34-41. [in Persian]
26
[27] Wang HK, Cochrane T. “Mobility impairment, muscle imbalance, muscle weakness, scapular asymmetry and shoulder injury in elite volleyball athletes”. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2001; 41(3): 403.
27
[28] Ludewig PM, Hoff MS, Osowski EE, Meschke SA, Rundquist PJ. “Relative balance of serratus anterior and upper trapezius muscle activity during push-up exercises”. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2004; 32(2): 484-93.
28
[29] Lawrence RL, Braman JP, LaPrade RF, Ludewig PM. “Comparison of 3-dimensional shoulder complex kinematics in individuals with and without shoulder pain, part 1: sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and scapulothoracic joints”. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2014; 44(9): 636-45.
29
[30] McClure PW, Michener LA, Sennett BJ, Karduna AR. “Direct 3-dimensional measurement of scapular kinematics during dynamic movements in vivo”. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 2001; 10(3): 269-77.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A comparative study of musculoskeletal imbalances in professional musicians
Introduction: Playing the instrument in different groups of society is increasing day by day. Therefore, it seems necessary to pay attention to musculoskeletal imbalances and their problems in musicians.Martials and Methods: Ninety instrumentalists, including 26 wood wind players (age: 28.46±4.62 year, BMI: 26.59±2.11), 37 string players (age: 28.18±7 year, BMI: 24.92±3.60), and 27 percussionists (age: 31.88±6.6 years, BMI: 24.95±3.32) were selected to participate in this study. Upper and lower extremities were assessed. For statistical analysis ANOVA, Scheffe and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were performed in SPSS version 16 with a significance level of 0.05.Results: The results of this study did not show significant differences between the degree of musculoskeletal imbalances of kyphosis and lordosis between the study groups (P˃0.05). Results in musculoskeletal imbalances of scoliosis (sig= 0.001), forward head (sig= 0.001), uneven shoulder (sig= 0.001), torticollis (sig= 0.001), scapular dyskinesia (sig= 0.006) were showed the significant differences between the groups (P˂0.05).Conclusion: According to the results, some musculoskeletal imbalances in the group of wood wind instrumentalists showed a higher intensity and prevalence. These variabilities between different groups of musicians indicate different physical and postural needs to play different instruments.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86132_c3547ca877999a376728629547d51f0c.pdf
2020-07-01
135
144
10.22059/sshr.2020.86132
Epidemiology
Musculoskeletal Imbalances
Musicians
Zahra
Nouri
zahra.noori994@gmail.com
1
MS student, sport injury and corrective exercise, Faculty of sport science, university of Guilan
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hasan
Daneshmandi
daneshmandi_ph@yahoo.com
2
Professor of sport injury and corrective exercise, Faculty of sport science, university of Guilan
AUTHOR
seyyed hossein
hosseini
hoseini.papers@gmail.com
3
PhD in sport biomechanics, Faculty of sport science, university of Guilan
AUTHOR
[1] Campbell M, Gilbert J, Myers A. “The Musician’s experience of brass instruments”. The Science of Brass Instruments. Springer, Cham. 2021: 3-30.
1
[2] Punnett L, Wegman DH. “Work-related musculoskeletal disorders: the epidemiologic evidence and the debate”. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2004; 14(1): 13-23.
2
[3] Valachi B, Valachi K. “Mechanisms leading to musculoskeletal disorders in dentistry”. Journal of the American Dental Association. 2003; 134(10): 1344-50.
3
[4] Brandfonbrener AG. “Special issues in the medical assessment of musicians”. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics. 2006; 17(4): 747-53.
4
[5] Adam G, Wang K, Demaree CJ, Jiang JS, Cheung M, Bechara CF, Lin PH. “A prospective evaluation of duplex ultrasound for thoracic outlet syndrome in high-performance musicians playing bowed string instruments”. Diagnostics. 2018; 8(1): 11.
5
[6] Markison RE, Johnson AL, Kasdan ML. “Comprehensive care of musical hands”. Occupational Medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.). 1998; 13(3): 505-11.
6
[7] Baadjou VA, Roussel NA, Verbunt JA, Smeets RJ, de Bie RA. “Systematic review: risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders in musicians”. Occupational Medicine. 2016; 66(8): 614-22.
7
[8] Ohlendorf D, Maurer C, Bolender E, Kocis V, Song M, Groneberg DA. “Influence of ergonomic layout of musician chairs on posture and seat pressure in musicians of different playing levels”. PloS one. 2018; 13(12): e0208758.
8
[9] Kok LM, Schrijvers J, Fiocco M, van Royen B, Harlaar J. “Differences in violin fixation force and muscle activity among violinists with and without complaints of the neck shoulder region”. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2018; 43: 217-25.
9
[10] Zięba E, Zieliński G, Ginszt M. “Etiology and epidemiology of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders–a systematic review”. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019; 9(7): 115-35.
10
[11] Bansal R, Phanphoskar P, Wadhokar OC, Arora SP, Chitale N. “Physiotherapy Rehabilitation in Young Patient with Idiopathic Scoliosis”. Journal of Medical Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences. 2021; 10(5): 3513-3516. doi: 10.22270/jmpas.V1015.1257.
11
[12] Elahi A, Seidi F, Karimizadeh Ardakani M. “The effect of 8 weeks of corrective exercises on the lumbar lordosis angle and static and dynamic balance in non-athlete men with lumbar hyperlordosis”. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2022; 10(1): 55-66.
12
[13] Rahnama N, Bambaeichi E, Taghian F, Nazarian AB, Abdollahi M. “Effect of 8 weeks regular corrective exercise on spinal columns deformities in girl students”. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2010; 27(101).
13
[14] Hart DL, Rose SJ. “Reliability of a noninvasive method for measuring the lumbar curve”. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 1986; 8(4): 180-4.
14
[15] Chiu YC, Tsai YS, Shen CL, Wang TG, Yang JL, Lin JJ. “The immediate effects of a shoulder brace on muscle activity and scapular kinematics in subjects with shoulder impingement syndrome and rounded shoulder posture: A randomized crossover design”. Gait & Posture. 2020; 79: 162-9.
15
[16] Singla D, Veqar Z. “Association between forward head, rounded shoulders, and increased thoracic kyphosis: a review of the literature”. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine. 2017; 16(3): 220-9.
16
[17] Ozunlu N, Tekeli H, Baltaci G. “Lateral scapular slide test and scapular mobility in volleyball players”. Journal of Athletic Training. 2011; 46(4): 438-44.
17
[18] Ohlendorf D, Marx J, Clasen K, Wanke EM, Kopp S, Groneberg DA, Uibel S. “Comparison between the musician-specific seating position of high string bow players and their habitual seating position–a video raster stereographic study of the dorsal upper body posture”. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology. 2018; 13(1): 1-8.
18
[19] Blanco-Piñeiro P, Díaz-Pereira MP, Martínez Vidal A. “Variation in posture quality across musical instruments and its impact during performances”. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 2018; 24(2): 316-23.
19
[20] Teixeira ZL, Lã FM, Silva AG. “Head and scapular posture in flutists: A pilot controlled study”. Medical Problems of Performing Artists. 2013: 145-151.
20
[21] Kaya EE. “The effect of playing different musical instruments on arm asymmetry”. Educational Research and Reviews. 2015; 10(20): 2661-6.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating the relationship between group and individual competition anxiety and its relationship with perfectionism
Introduction: The study investigated the relationship between perfectionism and competitive anxiety of group and individual athletes.Martials and Methods: Four hundred individual athletes who according to the coaches were able to participate in competitions were selected by stratified random sampling (50% group and 50% individual). Questionnaire of demographic characteristics, perfectionism scale in athletes, Dan et al. (2005) and also the Martens competitive anxiety scale questionnaire completed by Wiley et al.Results: The correlation results showed that in group athletes, there was a positive and significant correlation between excessive worry about mistakes with competitive anxiety (r = 0.19), a positive and significant correlation between perceived coach pressure and competitive anxiety (r= 0.24). r) And a positive and significant correlation between perfectionism and competitive anxiety (r= 0.26). But there was no significant correlation between personal standards and perceived parental pressure with competitive anxiety. Also, the correlation results showed that in individual athletes, there was a positive correlation between personal standards and competitive anxiety (r= 0.22), excessive concern about mistakes with competitive anxiety positive, significant correlation (r= 0.17), positive and significant correlation between perceived coach pressure with competitive anxiety (r= 0.205) and positive and significant correlation between perfectionism with competitive anxiety (r= 0.21). But there was no significant correlation between perceived parental pressure and competitive anxiety.Conclusion: Results of multivariate regression showed that in group athletes, coach variables of perceived pressure and excessive worry about mistakes are the strongest variables for predicting competitive anxiety in group athletes, respectively. Also, the results of multivariate regression showed that in individual athletes, the variables of personal standards, perceived coach pressure and excessive worry about mistakes are the strongest variables to predict competitive anxiety in individual athletes (P<0.05).
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86133_676ec200ac532681abf7937eebc8c1d7.pdf
2020-07-01
145
157
10.22059/sshr.2020.86133
Perfectionism
Competitive urgency
athletes
Individual Sports
Group sports
Mohammad saeid
Kiani
mohammadsaeidkiani@gmail.com
1
PhD Student, Department of Sports Management, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Leila
Nazari
leilanazari2020@gmail.com
2
PhD student in Sports Management, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] Burns DD. “The spouse who is a perfectionist”. Medical Aspects of Human Sexuality. 2017; 17: 219–230. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1022168715349.
1
[2] Buhr K, Dugas MJ. “Investigating the construct validity of intolerance of uncertainty and its unique relationship with worry”. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 2019; 20: 222–236. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2004.12004. https://www.springer.com/journal/10942.
2
[3] Besharat MA. “Dimensions of perfectionism in depressed and anxious patients”. Journal of Psychological Sciences. 2002; 1(3): 249-262. [in Persian].
3
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/index.php/journal/article_40154.html.
4
[4] Cox BJ, Enns MW, Clara IP. “The multidimensional structure of perfectionism in clinically distressed and college student samples”. Psychological Assessment. 2021; 14: 365-373. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.14.3.365. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1990-01296-001.
5
[5] Flett GL, Hewitt PL, Endler NS, Tassone C. “Perfectionism and components of state and trait anxiety”. Current Psychological Research and Reviews. 2017; 13: 326-350.
6
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2017-45661-001.
7
[6] Gould D, Krane V. “The arusal- athletic performance relationship: Current status and future directions”. Advances in Sport Psychology. T.S. Horn (Ed.), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2009; pp. 119-141.
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[7] Gould D, Udry E, Tuffey S, Loehr J. “Burnout in competitive junior tennis players: I. A quantitative psychological assessment”. The Sport Psychologist. 2018; 10: 332-340. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/238295801_Perfectionism_social_physique_anxiety_and_disordered_eating_A_comparison_of_male_and_female_elite_athletes.
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[8] Alrida Rahal A, Alboudi S, Haidar IA, Alhassanieh A. “Acute Burns in Pregnancy”. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2020; 10(12): doi: 10.4236/ojog.2020.10120154.
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[9] Hewitt PL, Flett GL. “Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: Conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1991; 60: 456-470.
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[10] Haase AM, Prapavessis H, Owens RG. “Perfectionism, social physique anxiety and eating attitudes: a comparison of elite male and female athletes”. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2002; 3: 33-47.
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/238295801_Perfectionism_social_physique_anxiety_and_disordered_eating_A_comparison_of_male_and_female_elite_athletes.
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[11] Hewitt PL, Flett GL, Sherry SB, Caelian C. “Trait perfectionism dimensions and suicidal behavior”. Cognition and suicide: Theory, research, and therapy. T. E. Ellis (Ed.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 2206, pp. 215–235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11377-010.
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[12] Najarian, B, Khoda Rahimi S. “Psychology of perfectionism”. Scientific and Research Journal of Humanities. 2009; 6(20). [in Persian]. https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/deepset.ai-farm-models/0.4.1/glove-english-uncased-6B/vocab.txt.
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[13] Mackinnon SP, Sherry SB. “Perfectionistic self-presentation mediates the relationship between perfectionistic concerns and subjective well-being: A three-wave longitudinal study”. Personality and Individual Differences. 2012; 53: 22-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.101/j.paid.2012.02.010.
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[14] Agbenorku P, Amankwa R, Agbenorku M, Yaa Odamea Asare N. “The burns menace: Antibiotics for the fight against burns bacterial infection, a systemic review”. Surgical Science. 2016; 7(12): 532-548. doi: 10.4236/ss.2016.712071.
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[15] Prosecutor P. Developmental Pathological Psychology from Childhood to Adulthood. Vol 1, Tehran, Samt Publications 2011. [in Persian]. https://intjmi.com/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-390&sid=1&slc_lang=en
18
[16] Quaidi A, Ismaili M, Ghasemian Moghadam MR, Izadi B. “A neuro-psychological investigation of famous athletes' endorsement in the decision to buy sports and non-sports products”. Scientific Quarterly Journal of Communication Management in Sports Media. 2018; 7(2): 41-51. doi: 10.30473/jsm.2020.49507.1361.
19
[17] Sadeghi H, Kazemi SE. “The effect of a strength and speed weight training program on unilateral and bilateral concentric contraction strength and bilateral deficit in elbow flexion. Sport Sciences and Health Research. 2013; 5(1): 23-40. doi: 10.22059/jsmed.2013.32160.
20
[18] Jordan CH, Spencer SJ, Zanna MP, Hoshino-Browne E, Correll J. “Secure and defensive high self-esteem”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2019; 85: 969-978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.969.
21
[19] Koivula N, Hassmén P, Fallby J. “Self-esteem and perfectionism in elite athletes: Effects on competitive anxiety and self-confidence”. Personality and Individual Differences. 2012: 865-875.
22
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223953005_Selfesteem_and_perfectionism_in_elite_athletes_Effects_on_competitive_anxiety_and_self-confidence.
23
[20] Sadeghi H, Kazemi SE. “The effect of a strength and speed weight training program on unilateral and bilateral concentric contraction strength and bilateral deficit in elbow flexion. Sport Sciences and Health Research. 2003; 5(1): 23-40. doi: 10.22059/jsmed.2013.32160.
24
[21] Dunn JG, Dunn JC, Gotwals K, Vallance JK, Craft JM, Syrotuik DG. “Establishing construct validity evidence for the sport multidimensional perfectionism scale”. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2019; 7(1): 57-79.
25
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1469029205000488.
26
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27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The comparison of selected kinetic factors during a cross-cutting maneuver in soccer players with athletics groin pain and healthy ones: Implications for injury prevention
Introduction: This study aimed to compare selected kinetic factors during a cross-cutting maneuver in soccer players with athletics groin pain (AGP) and healthy ones.Martials and Methods: Twenty-eight soccer players (healthy group (n=14) and AGP group (n=14)) who take part in the first and second division league took part in this study. A force plate at 1000 Hz sampling rate was used to evaluate the ground reaction force, rate of force development, vertical impulse and symmetry index during the cross-cutting maneuver. The MATLAB and ORIGIN PRO software were used to filter and process the force plate data. The independent sample t-test was used to compare healthy groups and AGP results.Results: The results showed the significant differences in the peak of ground reaction force (P=0.023), symmetry index (P=0.01), and rate of force development (P=0.031) in the medial-lateral direction of the dominant limb in a group with AGP. The peak of the vertical ground reaction force of the non-dominant limb was significantly higher in the AGP group (P=0.004).Conclusion: It seems that groin pain may change the kinetic profile, which puts the athletes at the potential risk of overuse injuries in the lower extremity. It is also recommended to utilize the output of the current study as an index for back to sports index, and the rehabilitation progress should be continued to reduce symptoms and recurrence of injury up to the proper symmetry.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86134_035878f1709d1a4f7d1896964f7d3b93.pdf
2020-07-01
159
168
10.22059/sshr.2020.86134
Athletic Groin Pain (AGP)
kinetic
cutting maneuver
Ground Reaction Force (GRF)
Rate of Force Developments (RFD)
Impulse
Hamidreza
Naserpour
hamidreza.naserpour@gmail.com
1
Ph.D. Student of Sport Biomechanics, Department of Biomechanic and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Elham
Shirzad
eshirzad@ut.ac.ir
2
Department of Corrective Exercise and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Mehdi
Khaleghi Tazji
mehdikhaleghi60@yahoo.com
3
Associate Professor, Department of Biomechanic and Sports Injuries, Faculty of physical education and sport science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
Amir
Letafatkar
letafatkaramir@yahoo.com
4
Assistant Professor, Department of Biomechanic and Sports Injuries, Faculty of physical education and sport science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
[1] Mansourizadeh R, Letafatkar A, Franklyn-miller A, Khaleghi-Tazji M, Baker SJ. "Segmental coordination and variability of change in direction in long-standing groin pain". Gait and Posture. 2020; 77: 36-42. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.01.013.
1
[2] Shirzad Araghi E, Naserpour H, Khaleghi Tazji M, Letafatkar A. "The comparison of timing electromyography activity of selected lumbar-pelvic muscles during a cross-cutting manoeuvre in soccer players with athletic groin pain and healthy ones". The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2021. doi: 10.22037/jrm.2021.116084.2864.
2
[3] Harøy J, Clarsen B, Thorborg K, Hölmich P, Bahr R, Andersen TE. "Groin problems in male soccer players are more common Than previously reported". American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2017; 45: 1304-8.
3
[4] Dooley K, Drew M, Schultz A, Snodgrass S, Pizzari T, McGann T, et al. "High prevalence of groin pain identified in elite basketball U20s athletes and its impact on function and quality of life". Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2018; 21: S88. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.09.201.
4
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36
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigating the predictive role of psychological factors in the incidence of sports injuries (musculoskeletal) of elite male volleyball players
Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the predictive role of psychological factors in the incidence of sports injuries (musculoskeletal) of elite male volleyball players.Martials and Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational research study design. The study was conducted with 150 elite male volleyball players in the Premier League of Khorasan Razavi province in 2020. In order to collect data, three standard questionnaires including Sports Injuries Questionnaire (Esmaeili, 2014), Personality Traits Questionnaire [18], and Competitive State Anxiety Questionnaire (CSAI-2) Rainer and Martens (1990) were used. In order to analyze the data in this study, SPSS software version 23 was used.Results: The results show that competitive anxiety can explain sports injuries (musculoskeletal) in the first model. In the second model, when the somatic anxiety variable is added, competitive anxiety and somatic anxiety variables can explain sports injuries. In the final model, the factors of competitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, self-confidence, risk-taking, excitement, and aggression can explain sports injuries.Conclusion: It can be said that psychological factors play a role in the incidence of sports injuries (skeletal-muscular) of elite male volleyball players.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86135_a7a4fdbe2f0eb9e63512d7864ec8824a.pdf
2020-07-01
169
177
10.22059/sshr.2020.86135
Competitive Anxiety
Somatic anxiety
Risk-taking
excitement
Aggression
Alireza
kazeminasab
alirezakazeminasab1375@gmail.com
1
Sport science, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
Reza
Aminzadeh
aminzadeh.reza@gmail.com
2
Sport science, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Nasser
Mohammad Rahimi
nmrahimi2011@outlook.com
3
Sport science, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
AUTHOR
[1] Isfahani N, Ghezel Sofloo H. “Investigating the relationship between confidence and performance on competitive anxiety of amateur and professional women footballers”. Women in Development and Politics, 2011; 9(4): 135-149.
1
[2] Babaei I. “Compensation for bodily injury in Iranian civil liability law”. Law and Policy Research Quarterly. 2010; 12(28): 30-1.
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[3] Barani A. Comparison of the prevalence and causes of lower limb injuries in female professional athletes in the fields of futsal, basketball, volleyball and handball. Master Thesis, University of Isfahan, 2007. [in Persian]
3
[4] Bergeron DJ, Holly W. Sport's Injuries. Translated by Farajzadeh Sh. Tehran: Elm va Harakat Publications, 2016. [in Persian]
4
[5] Chekroud SR, Gueorguieva R, Zheutlin AB. “Association between physical exercise and mental health in 1•2 million individuals in the USA between 2011 and 2015: a cross-sectional study”. Lancet Psychiatry, 2018; 5: 739-46.
5
[6] Bloomfield J, Fricker PA, Fitch K. Sports Medicine. Translated by Hassannia S, Ghodsi Khorsand SM, Gholamrezaei Darsara Sh. Rasht: Guilan University Press, 2017. [in Persian]
6
[7] Jafari Hajin A. Study of the prevalence and causes of sports injuries among girls of the country's elite gymnasts in 1999. Master's thesis. University of Tehran, 2000. [in Persian]
7
[8] Holmes TH, Rahe RH. “The social readjustment rating scale”. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 1967; 11:213-218.
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[9] O’leary A. “Stress, emotion, and human immune function”. Psychological Bulletin, 1990; 108: 363-382.
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[10] Ivarsson A, Johnson U, Andersen MB. “Factors and sport injuries: meta-analyses for prediction and prevention”. Sports Med. 2017; 47: 353-65.
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[11] Bramwell ST, Masuda M, Wagner NN, Holmes TH. “Psychosocial factors in athletic injuries: Development and application of the social and athletic readjustment rating scale (SARRS)”. Journal of Human Stress. 1975; 1:6-20.
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[12] Davis JO. “Sport injuries and stress management: An opportunity for research”. The Sport Psychologist, 2008; 5: 175-182.
12
[13] Haghshenas R. Comparison of psychological characteristics of injured and non-injured athletic student students. Master Thesis in Physical Education, University of Isfahan, 2006. [in Persian]
13
[14] Young-eun noh. G. Psychological interventions for the prevention of injury in dance. Thesis for under graduated. Victoria University, 2005.
14
[15] Johnson U, Ekengren J, Andersen MB. “Injury prevention in Sweden: Helping soccer players at risk”. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology. 2005; 27: 32-38.
15
[16] Khosravi J, Hashemi Nazari S, Dehghanifard S, Jabbari K. “Investigation of work-related accidents leading to death in workers working in urban services and green space contracting companies of Tehran Municipality in 2004 and 2005”. Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2007; 13(2): 68-77.
16
[17] Robbins. General Basic Pathology. Translated by Bahadori B, Abbasnejad M, Shayanfar N, Kadivar M. Tehran: Mahtab Publications, 2007. [in Persian]
17
[18] Eysink H, Wilson G. Self-Knowledge. Translated by Ghahraman Sh. Tehran, Shabaviz Publications, 1988. [in persian]
18
[19] Rahimi M, Halabchi F, Qasemi Kahrizsangi GA, Zolaktaf V. “Prevalence of karate sports injuries in professional karate men in Isfahan”. Journal of Army University of Medical Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran. 2009; 7(3): 201-207.
19
[20] Jansen P, Lehmann J, Fellner B. “Relation of injuries and psychological symptoms in amateur soccer players”. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2019; 5(1): e000522.
20
[21] Rashidi A, Atashpour H, Badami R. “Evaluation of the effectiveness of progressive causal relaxation method on athletes' competitive anxiety (Case study of footballers)”. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2013; 32(155): 1608-1619.
21
[22] Zarei M, Mohammadi F. “The relationship between the level of psychological skills of elite adolescent football players and the incidence of sports injuries: A prospective study”. Sports Psychology Studies. 2017; 20: 318-329.
22
[23] Beiglar K, Alizadeh MH, Khabiri M. “Investigating the relationship between mental skills and injury of football players of Tehrani teams in the Iranian Premier League”. Sports Medicine (Movement). 2014; 6(2): 89-102.
23
[24] Shahbazi M, Wazini TA, Rahimizadeh M. “Relationship between the prevalence of sports injuries and mental fitness of male and female students in the 10th Student Sports Olympiad”. Sports Medicine (Movement). 2011; 6: 125-144.
24
[25] Shuja al-Din S, Alizadeh MH, Moradi M. “Investigating the relationship between the prevalence of sports injuries and pathogenic factors in male student-athletes”. Research in Sports Science. 2008; 6(19): 71-83.
25
[26] Shamshiri B. “The relationship between competitive competitive anxiety and the performance of climbers in national championships”. Matthew Quarterly. 1999; 14(4): 120-128.
26
[27] Ivarsson A, Johnson U. “Psychological factors as predictors of injuries among senior soccer players; A prospective study”. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 2010; 9: 347-352.
27
[28] Sahib Al-Zamani M. Investigating the prevalence of sports injuries among physical education students. Master Thesis. Yazd University, 2005. [in Persian]
28
[29] Taleb M. Social Security. Tehran: Astan Quds Razavi Publishing Institute, 2014. [in Persian]
29
[30] Abdoli B. Psychology of Sports Injuries. Tehran: National Olympic Committee Publications, 2016. [in Persian]
30
[31] Qarakhanlu R, Daneshmandi H, Alizadeh MH. Prevention and Treatment of Sports Injuries. Tehran: Samt Publications, 2016. [in Persian]
31
[32] Kangarloo HR, Malekzadeh S, Alizadeh K, Zarei S, Shamshiri B. “Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders leading to disability in army air force staff from 1992 to 2003”. Scientific Research Journal of the Army University of Medical Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 2011; 6: 21-34.
32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of tactile feedback along with corrective exercises on the degree of thoracic kyphosis in hyperkyphosis individuals
Introduction: The musculoskeletal and support systems and biomechanical factors lead to tissue adaptations in the skeletal, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems, resulting in changes in the movement pattern. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tactile feedback along with corrective exercises on the degree of thoracic kyphosis in people with hyperkyphosis.Methods: Twenty patients with postural kyphosis greater than 42 were selected voluntarily and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In the pretest and post test, the degree of kyphosis of both groups was measured using a flexible ruler. In the intervention phase, both groups performed corrective exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and each session for 30 to 45 min. The experimental group received tactile feedback, but the control group did not receive any feedback.Results: The results of the 2-factor analysis of variance showed that tactile feedback along with corrective exercises (D= -12%) compared to corrective exercises (D= -8%) led to a reduction in kyphosis in people with Hyperkyphosis (P= 0.018).Conclusion: It seems that tactile feedback with changes in sensory inputs can be an effective complement to corrective exercises to reduce the degree of kyphosis.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86129_737aa27e0401027921304bba2a4168c6.pdf
2020-07-01
179
187
10.22059/sshr.2020.86129
tactile feedback
exercise
Hyperkyphosis
locomotor system
Azadeh
Rahimi
rahimi.azadeh21@yahoo.com
1
PhD of sports injury and Corrective Exercises, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hooman
Minoonejad
h.minoonejad@ut.ac.ir
2
Department of Health and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Reza
Rajabi
rrajabi@ut.ac.ir
3
Department of Health and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] Teramoto S, Suzuki M, Matsuse T, Ohga E, Katayama H, Nagase T, Fukuchi Y, Ouchi Y. “Influence of kyphosis on the age-related decline in pulmonary function”. Nihon Ronen Igakkai zasshi; Japanese Journal of Geriatrics. 1998 Jan; 35(1): 23-7. doi: 10.3143/geriatrics.35.23.
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[2] Katzman W, Cawthon P, Hicks GE, Vittinghoff E, Shepherd J, Cauley JA, Harris T, Simonsick EM, Strotmeyer E, Womack C, Kado DM. “Association of spinal muscle composition and prevalence of hyperkyphosis in healthy community-dwelling older men and women”. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2012 Feb; 67(2): 191-5. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glr160.
2
[3] Takahashi T, Ishida K, Hirose D, Nagano Y, Okumiya K, Nishinaga M, Matsubayashi K, Doi Y, Tani T, Yamamoto H. “Trunk deformity is associated with a reduction in outdoor activities of daily living and life satisfaction in community-dwelling older people”. Osteoporosis International. 2005 Mar; 16(3): 273-9. doi: 10.1007/s00198-004-1669-3.
3
[4] Ensrud KE, Black DM, Harris F, Ettinger B, Cummings SR, Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group. “Correlates of kyphosis in older women”. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 1997 Jun; 45(6): 682-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb01470.x.
4
[5] Kado DM, Huang MH, Nguyen CB, Barrett-Connor E, Greendale GA. “Hyperkyphotic posture and risk of injurious falls in older persons: the Rancho Bernardo Study”. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2007 Jun; 62(6): 652-7. doi: 10.1093/gerona/62.6.652.
5
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[8] Saxena G, Venkatesan P, Harikesavan K. “Scapular taping improves functional throwing performance among normative young adults: a randomized crossover trial”. Journal of Musculoskeletal Research. 2020 Mar; 23(01): 2050003. doi: 10.1142/S0218957720500037.
8
[9] Tarasi Z, Rajabi R, Minoonejad H, Shahrbanian S. “The effect of spine strengthening exercises and posture training on functional thoracic hyper kyphosis in young individuals”. Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research. 2019 Mar; 27(121): 23-31. doi: 10.30699/jambs.27.121.23.
9
[10] Hodges PW. “Pain and motor control: from the laboratory to rehabilitation”. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2011 Apr; 21(2): 220-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2011.01.002.
10
[11] Jicol C, Lloyd-Esenkaya T, Proulx MJ, Lange-Smith S, Scheller M, O'Neill E, Petrini K. Efficiency of sensory substitution devices alone and in combination with self-motion for spatial navigation in sighted and visually impaired. Frontiers in Psychology. 2020 Jul; 10(11):1443. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01443.
11
[12] Shull PB, Damian DD. “Haptic wearables as sensory replacement, sensory augmentation and trainer–a review”. Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation. 2015 Dec; 12(1): 59. doi: 10.1186/s12984-015-0055-z.
12
[13] O'Sullivan K, O'Sullivan L, O'Sullivan P, Dankaerts W. “Investigating the effect of real-time spinal postural biofeedback on seated discomfort in people with non-specific chronic low back pain”. Ergonomics. 2013 Aug; 56(8): 1315-25. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2013.812750.
13
[14] Page P, Frank C, Lardner R. “Assessment and treatment of muscle imbalance: the Janda approach”. Journal of Orthopedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2011 Oct; 41(10): 799-800. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2009.11.003.
14
[15] Lou E, Lam GC, Hill DL, Wong MS. “Development of a smart garment to reduce kyphosis during daily living”. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing. 2012 Nov; 50(11): 1147-54. doi: 10.1007/s11517-011-0847-7.
15
[16] Shin AR, Lee JH, Kim DE, Cynn HS. “Tactile cues change trunk and scapular muscle activity, scapular winging, and thoracic kyphosis during knee push-up plus in subjects with scapular winging: The cross-sectional study”. Medicine. 2018 Nov; 97(44): e12569. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000012569.
16
[17] Khazaei R, Habibi E, Jalali K. “The effect of eight weeks of selected corrective exercises on the kyphosis angle of adolescent boys with kyphosis”. Health System Research. 2018 Apr 10; 14(1): 79-84. doi: 10.22122/jhsr.v14i1.3159. [In Persian].
17
[18] Feng Q, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. “The effect of a corrective functional exercise program on postural thoracic kyphosis in teenagers: a randomized controlled trial”. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2018 Jan; 32(1): 48-56. doi: 10.1177/0269215517714591.
18
[19] Katzman WB, Vittinghoff E, Lin F, Schafer A, Long RK, Wong S, Gladin A, Fan B, Allaire B, Kado DM, Lane NE. “Targeted spine strengthening exercise and posture training program to reduce hyperkyphosis in older adults: results from the study of hyperkyphosis, exercise, and function (SHEAF) randomized controlled trial”. Osteoporosis International. 2017 Oct; 28(10): 2831-41. doi: 10.1007/s00198-017-4109-x.
19
[20] Bansal S, Katzman WB, Giangregorio LM. “Exercise for improving age-related hyperkyphotic posture: a systematic review”. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2014 Jan; 95(1): 129-40. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.06.022.
20
[21] Jang HJ, Kim MJ, Kim SY. “Effect of thorax correction exercises on flexed posture and chest function in older women with age-related hyperkyphosis”. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2015; 27(4): 1161-4. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.1161.
21
[22] Parveen A, Nuhmani S, Hussain ME, Khan MH. “Effect of lumbar stabilization exercises and thoracic mobilization with strengthening exercises on pain level, thoracic kyphosis, and functional disability in chronic low back pain”. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine. 2020 Jul; 18(2):419-24. doi: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0327.
22
[23] Jain A, Srivastava D, Mishra AN. “Effects of targeted back muscle exercises in reducing thoracic kyphosis in patients of hyperkyphosis”. International Journal of Orthopaedics. 2020; 6(4): 885-90. doi: 10.22271/ortho.2020.v6.i4m.2434.
23
[24] Sedaghati P, Ahmadabadi S, Goudarzian M. “Evaluation of the durable effects of corrective exercises on the postural alignment and stability in hyperkyphotic elderly with a history of falls“. BMC geriatrics. 2022 Dec; 22(1): 1-8. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03210-4.
24
[25] Meyer DW. “Correction of spondylolithesis by the correction of global posture”. Am J Clin Chiropractic. 2001; [serial online]: 22-3.
25
[26] Park JH, Kang SY, Cynn HS, Jeon HS. “Effect of tactile feedback on trunk posture and EMG activity in people with postural kyphosis during VDT work”. Physical Therapy Korea, 2016; 23(3): 48-56. doi: 10.12674/ptk.2016.23.3.048.
26
[27] Antfolk C, Balkenius C, Lundborg G, Rosén B, Sebelius F. “Design and technical construction of a tactile display for sensory feedback in a hand prosthesis system”. Biomedical Engineering online. 2010 Dec; 9(1): 50. doi: 10.1186/1475-925X-9-50.
27
[28] Moal B, Lafage V, Smith JS, Ames CP, Mundis G, Terran JS, Klineberg E, Hart R, Boachie-Adjei O, Bess S, Skalli W. “Clinical improvement through surgery for adult spinal deformity: what can be expected and who is likely to benefit most?”. Spine Deformity. 2015 Nov; 3(6): 566-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jspd.2015.04.004.
28
[29] Liu S, Diebo BG, Henry JK, Smith JS, Hostin R, Cunningham ME, Mundis G, Ames CP, Burton D, Bess S, Akbarnia B. “The benefit of nonoperative treatment for adult spinal deformity: identifying predictors for reaching a minimal clinically important difference”. The Spine Journal. 2016 Feb; 16(2): 210-8. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2015.10.043.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of lying on the stomach on the spine angles of 13-18-year-old students in Karaj
Introduction: The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of lying on the stomach on the spine angles of 13-18-year-old students in Karaj.Martials and Methods: This study was quasi-experimental and comparative conducted by field method. For this purpose, 105 13-18-year-old students of girls' schools in District 3 of Karaj during the academic year 2020-2021, who were accustomed to lying on the stomachs, randomly participated in the study by convenience sampling method and based on the number of study hours per day, less than 1 h, between 1 and 2 h and more than 2 h placed in three groups. Research variables including angles of forward head, unequal shoulder, lumbar lordosis, dorsal kyphosis and scoliosis were assessed using standard tests with high validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test at the significance level of 0.05.Results: A significant difference was between lumbar lordosis and forward head angle abnormalities among students who were less than 1 h and more than 2 h accustomed to lying on their stomachs (P<0.05). But this difference was not significant for variables of uneven (dropped) shoulder, dorsal kyphosis and scoliosis (P<0.05). The students who studied for more than 2 h a day while lying on their stomachs had abnormalities of lumbar lordosis and forward head angle.Conclusion: Lumbar and prefrontal lordosis abnormalities are common in students who study lying on their stomachs and repeat the condition for at least 2 h a day.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86136_f710589801d4ef0179103d4e93358d02.pdf
2020-07-01
189
196
10.22059/sshr.2020.86136
Lying on the stomach
Forward Head
uneven shoulder
Lumbar lordosis
dorsal kyphosis
scoliosis
zahra
Keshtpour
zkeshtpour99@gmail.com
1
Master of Pathology and Corrective Movements, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Ali
Soleyman Fallah
mas.fallah@yahoo.com
2
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
AUTHOR
[1] Rastegar N. Relationship between Ergonomics of Educational Equipment with Anthropometric Indices and Upper Body Anomalies in Female Elementary School Students in Mashhad. Master Thesis, Birjand University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. 2012. [in Persian]
1
[2] Ketabchi J, Dinari M. “Physical condition and its necessities Guide for parents, educators and staff with 30 exercises”. Jihad University, Isfahan Branh. 2018. [in Persian]
2
[3] Jany F. Pathology of Behavioral Abnormalities of Primary School Students and Treatment Methods from the Perspective of Quran and Traditions. Master Thesis, University of Tabriz. 2018. [in Persian]
3
[4] Zanganeh Tabar F. Relationship between Sleeping Pattern with Lumbar Lordosis and Dorsal Kyphosis and Providing Corrective Movements in 9 to 12-year-old Girls in Ahvaz Education Schools. Master Thesis, Shams Institute of Higher Education, Science and Technology, Department of Humanities. 2019. [in Persian]
4
[5] Banai M. Ergonomics of Right and Wrong Things in Everyday Life. Babakan Publications. 2002. [in Persian]
5
[6] Aytari A, Alitina A, Aytar A. “Effects of posture and ergonomics training for students receiving distance education during the covid-19 pandemic on musculoskeletal pain, exercise behavior decision-making balance, and physical activity level”. Journal of. 2020.
6
[7] Mongkonkansai J, Madardam U, Veerasakul S. “Smartphone usage posture (sitting and lying down) and musculoskeletal symptoms among school-aged children (6-12 years old) in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailandhildren.” Journal of Research Square. 2020; 8(3): 126-139.
7
[8] Dianat I, Alipour A, Asgari Jafarabadi M. “Risk factors for neck and shoulder pain among schoolchildren and adolescents”. Paediatr Child Health. 2018; 54(1): 20-7.
8
[9] Lynch SS, Thigpen CA, Mihalik JP, Prentice WE, Padua D. “The effects of an exercise intervention on forward head and rounded shoulder postures in elite swimmers”. Br J Sports Med. 2010; 44(5): 376-81.
9
[10] Nemmer TM, Miller JW, Hartman MD. “Variability of the forward head posture in healthy community-dwelling older women”. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy; 2009; 32(1): 10-4.
10
[11] Babakhani F. “The effectiveness of central muscle exercises with physioball balls on the balance and change in the curvature of lordosis in trainable female students”. Journal of Health Research. 2020; 5(3): 144-151.
11
[12] Javazi F, Sedaghati P, Daneshmandi H. “The effect of selected corrective exercises with physioball on the posture of computer users with upper cross syndrome”. Journal of Sports Biomechanics. 2019; 5(2): 112-123.
12
[13] Farahani A, Aghayari A, Keshavarz L, Rohi I. “Prevalence of spinal abnormalities and its relationship with resting habit in terms of anthropometric and ergonomic features of educable mentally retarded children in Kurdistan province”. Exceptional Children Quarterly. 2014; 13(1): 59-68.
13
[14] Adib R, Razavi Ghezeljeh M. “Relationship between sleep type and lumbar lordosis and presentation of corrective movements in 10 to 14 year old boys in Tabriz”. International Congress of Science and Engineering. 2017.
14
[15] Ghorbanpoor Z, Mosallanezhad Z, Minaee Javid J, Talimkhani A, Akbar Fahimi N. “The relationship between the spine curvature disorders and the resting habits of university students”. PTJ. 2017; 7(2): 97-102.
15
[16] Mustafavi Sh. Classification of the Activity Pattern of Selected Pelvic Muscles in People with Different Degrees of Lumbar Hyperlordosis While walking with a Machine Learning Approach. Master Thesis, Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. 2020.
16
[17] Senneh L. Step by Step to Organ Health. Side Publications. 2009.
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[18] Cygańska A, Baszak A, Tomaszewski P. “Impact of exercises and chair massage on musculoskeletal pain of young musicians. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020; 17(14): 5128.
18
[19] Habibi E, Ebrahimi H, Barakat S, Maghsoudian L. “Ergonomic assessment of musculoskeletal disorders risk factors in office staff using ROSA method and its relation with efficiency”. J Mil Med; 2017; 19(1): 31-39.
19
[20] Aliaei G, Akbari M, Bagheri H, Hadian M, Talebian S, Ahmadvand N. “The effect of repetitive and tedious iso-inertial movements on performance and trunk movement patterns in 38 healthy women”. Journal of Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 2000; 58(1): 71-81.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation and physical exercise on locomotor movement skill of children with developmental coordination disorder
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation and physical exercise on locomotor movement skill of children with developmental coordination disorder.Martials and Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-posttest design with a control group. Eighty boys aged 6-10 years (mean age: 8.68±1.2) were selected from primary school students in Shiraz using multi-stage cluster sampling method and were randomly divided into three experimental (TDCS, Physical exercises and Combined group) and control groups. Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ7), Raven Intelligence Test and Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2) were used to screen children. The Ulrich Gross Motor Skills Development Test (TGMD-2) was used to assess locomotor movement skills. Experimental groups performed the interventions for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week and 45 min per session). Paired t-test and analysis of covariance were used to analyze the data.Results: The results showed that the locomotor movement skill score in the groups of cognitive rehabilitation, physical exercise and combined intervention from the pre-test to post-test stages increased significantly (P<0.05). While in the control group no significant difference was observed (P>0.05). The results also showed that locomotor movement skill in the combined groups and physical exercise in the post-test were significantly higher than the cognitive rehabilitation and control groups (P<005).Conclusion: Concomitant use of cognitive rehabilitation-related interventions with physical exercise is more effective in improving locomotor movement skill in children with developmental coordination disorders.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86137_f70290fca4ef70b77eb69773e48aed22.pdf
2020-07-01
197
205
10.22059/sshr.2020.86137
cognitive rehabilitation
Physical Exercise
Fundamental Skills
locomotor movement skill
Developmental Coordination Disorder
Ayoub
Hashemi
ayoubhashemi10@ut.ac.ir
1
Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of sports science, University of Tehran, Tehran. Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Robabeh
Rostami
rostami@shirazu.ac.ir
2
Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Habib
Hadianfard
h.hadianfard@shirazu.ac.ir
3
Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
AUTHOR
[1] Smits-Engelsman B, et al., "Evaluating the evidence for motor-based interventions in developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2018; 74: 72-102.
1
[2] Derikx DF, Schoemaker MM. "The nature of coordination and control problems in children with developmental coordination disorder during ball catching: A systematic review". Human Movement Science, 2020; 74: 102688.
2
[3] RahimiSani S. et al., "Effects of virtual reality training intervention on predictive motor control of children with DCD–A randomized controlled trial". Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2020; 107: 103768.
3
[4] Neto J.L.C., Steenbergen B, Tudella E. "Motor intervention with and without Nintendo® Wii for children with developmental coordination disorder: protocol for a randomized clinical trial". Trials, 2019; 20(1): 1-12.
4
[5] Biotteau M, Chaix Y, Albaret JM. "What do we really know about motor learning in children with developmental coordination disorder?" Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 2016; 3(2): 152-160.
5
[6] Harrowell I. et al. "The impact of developmental coordination disorder on educational achievement in secondary school". Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2018; 72: 13-22.
6
[7] Zwicker JG, Harris S, Klassen A. "Quality of life domains affected in children with developmental coordination disorder: a systematic review". Child: Care, Health and Development, 2013; 39(4): 562-580.
7
[8] Goodway JD, Ozmun JC, Gallahue DL. Understanding motor development: Infants, children, adolescents, adults. Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2019.
8
[9] Navarro-Patón R. et al. "Effect of a 6-week physical education intervention on motor competence in pre-school children with developmental coordination disorder". Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021, 10(9): 1936.
9
[10] Arias P, et al. "Bilateral tDCS on primary motor cortex: Effects on fast arm reaching tasks". PLoS One, 2016; 11(8): e0160063.
10
[11] Wade S, Hammond G. "Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over premotor cortex facilitates observational learning of a motor sequence". European Journal of Neuroscience, 2015; 41(12): 1597-1602.
11
[12] Grohs MN et al. "Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor function in children 8–12 years with developmental coordination disorder: A randomized controlled trial". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2020.
12
[13] Mortezanejad M, et al. "Comparing the effects of multi-session anodal trans-cranial direct current stimulation of primary motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices on fatigue and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial". Clinical Rehabilitation, 2020; 34(8): 1103-1111.
13
[14] Cheng PWC, et al. "The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on clinical symptoms in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 2020; 53: 102392.
14
[15] Foerster Á, et al. "Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) impairs balance control in healthy individuals". The Cerebellum, 2017; 16(4): 872-875.
15
[16] Janssen CP, Brumby DP. "Strategic adaptation to performance objectives in a dual‐task setting". Cognitive Science, 2010; 34(8): 1548-1560.
16
[17] Schott N, El-Rajab I, Klotzbier T. "Cognitive-motor interference during fine and gross motor tasks in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD)". Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2016; 57: 136-148.
17
[18] McDonough DJ, Liu W, Gao Z. "Effects of Physical Activity on Children’s Motor Skill Development: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials". Biomed Research International, 2020.
18
[19] Sit CHP, et al. "A school-based physical activity intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder: a randomized controlled trial". Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2019; 89: 1-9.
19
[20] Neto JLC, et al. "Wii training versus non-Wii task-specific training on motor learning in children with developmental coordination disorder: A randomized controlled trial". Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2021; 64(2): 101390.
20
[21] Jane JY, Burnett AF, Sit CH. "Motor skill interventions in children with developmental coordination disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Archives Of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2018; 99(10): 2076-2099.
21
[22] Cole L, et al. "Effects of high-definition and conventional transcranial direct-current stimulation on motor learning in children". Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2018; 12: 787.
22
[23] Zewdie E, et al. "Safety and tolerability of transcranial magnetic and direct current stimulation in children: prospective single center evidence from 3.5 million stimulations". Brain Stimulation, 2020; 13(3): 565-575.
23
[24] Abdelmoula A, Baudry S, Duchateau J. "Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation enhances time to task failure of a submaximal contraction of elbow flexors without changing corticospinal excitability". Neuroscience, 2016; 322: 94-103.
24
[25] Williams AM, Hodges NJ. "Practice, instruction and skill acquisition in soccer: Challenging tradition". Journal of Sports Sciences, 2005; 23(6): 637-650.
25
[26] Saraco M. "Comparison between integrated physical education and motor skills children, teaching elementary physical education". Journal Quarterly, 2000; 74(4): 45-54.
26
[27] Kaminski E, et al. "Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation does not facilitate dynamic balance task learning in healthy old adults". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2017; 11: 16.
27
[28] Zandvliet SB, et al. "Short-term effects of cerebellar tDCS on standing balance performance in patients with chronic stroke and healthy age-matched elderly". The Cerebellum, 2018; 17(5): 575-589.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Development of norm for Adolescent Physical Literacy Questionnaire (APLQ) in Tehran
Introduction: Adolescents' physical literacy and physical activity influences their lifestyle behaviors and health-related readiness into adulthood. Lack of information about the state of physical literacy has led researchers to examine the state of physical literacy in adolescents in Tehran.Martials and Methods: The method of the present study was descriptive and performed in the 12-18 years adolescent in Tehran. The sample were 836 adolescents who selected by multi-stage cluster sampling from different areas of the Tehran. Inclusion criteria included having physical health, not having certain diseases and movement problems or regular drug use. Subjects' physical literacy was assessed using the adolescents' physical literacy questionnaire (APLQ). This questionnaire with three dimensions examines adolescents' physical literacy and has an internal consistency coefficient (0.951) and retest reliability (0.981).Results: The total mean scores of physical literacies in adolescents were 90.04 ± 17.12 and the desired norm was determined with a standard deviation of high and low (107.16-72.94). However, the mean scores for girls were about 85 and for boys 92, which shows a difference between the sexes and high ages.Conclusion: The results showed that adolescents' physical literacy scores in all dimensions increase with age; Also, the scores were higher in boys than girls in all dimensions. Similar results have been reported for differences in gender and age in the Physical Literacy of Canadian children [12]. The norm presented in this study can be a basis for measuring and comparing the levels of physical literacy of adolescents in Tehran.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86139_f7f8cd87c99fb8f52f6304f3d2ea683e.pdf
2020-07-01
207
216
10.22059/sshr.2020.86139
Physical literacy
Active Lifestyle
norm
Adolescents
Mostafa
Mohammadzadeh
mostafa.mohamadzadeh@gmail.com
1
velenjak, daneshjoo BLVD,
19.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmoud
Sheikh
prosheikh@yahoo.com
2
University of Tehran
AUTHOR
Davood
Hominian Sharif Abadi
hominian@ut.ac.ir
3
University of Tehran
AUTHOR
[1] Keegan RJ, Barnett LM, Dudley DA, Telford RD, Lubans DR, Bryant AS, et al. "Defining physical literacy for application in Australia: a modified Delphi method". Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. 2019; 38(2): 105-18.
1
[2] Whitehead M. Definition of Physical Literacy: Developments and Issues. Physical Literacy across the World: Routledge. 2019.
2
[3] Whitehead M. "Physical literacy and its importance to every individual". National Disability Association Ireland, Dublin, Ireland Assessed online March 2007; 10:2007.
3
[4] Whitehead M. "Definition of physical literacy and clarification of related issues". ICSSPE Bulletin. 2013; 65(1.2).
4
[5] Farrey T, Isard R. Physical Literacy in the United States: A Model, Strategic Plan and Call to Action. Washington, DC: The Aspen Institute. 2015.
5
[6] Keegan R, Keegan S, Daley S, Ordway C, Edwards A. Getting Australia Moving: Establishing a Physically Literate Active Nation (Game Plan). University of Canberra, Centre of Excellence in Physical Literacy and Active. 2013.
6
[7] Asefi AA, Amoozadeh Z. "The codification of model of significant others roles and adolescence’s participation in physical activity and sport". Research on Educational Sport. 2017; 5(13): 17-38.
7
[8] Babic MJ, Morgan PJ, Plotnikoff RC, Lonsdale C, White RL, Lubans DR. "Physical activity and physical self-concept in youth: systematic review and meta-analysis". Sports Medicine. 2014; 44(11): 1589-601.
8
[9] Rodrigues LP, Luz C, Cordovil R, Bezerra P, Silva B, Camões M, et al. "Normative values of the motor competence assessment (MCA) from 3 to 23 years of age". Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2019; 22(9): 1038-43.
9
[10] Mohammadzadeh M, Sheikh M, Houminiyan Sharif Abadi D, Bagherzadeh F, Kazemnejad A. Design and Psychometrics Evaluation of Adolescent Physical Literacy Questionnaire (APLQ). Sport Sciences for Health. 2021.
10
[11] Association WM. "World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects". Jama. 2013; 310(20): 2191-4.
11
[12] Tremblay MS, Longmuir PE, Barnes JD, Belanger K, Anderson KD, Bruner B, et al. "Physical literacy levels of Canadian children aged 8–12 years: descriptive and normative results from the RBC Learn to Play–CAPL project". BMC Public Health. 2018; 18(2): 1036.
12
[13] Derakhshan M. "A survey of Height and Weight of Students Aged 11-17 Years in Hamadan". Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine. 1998; 5(1).
13
[14] Gallahue D, Ozmun J. Understanding Motor Development: Infants, Children, Adolescents, Adults. Boston: McGraw-Hill. 2006.
14
[15] Lauderdale ME, Yli-Piipari S, Irwin CC, Layne TE. "Gender differences regarding motivation for physical activity among college students: A self-determination approach". The Physical Educator. 2015; 72(5): 153-172.
15
[16] Mohamadzadeh M, Sheykh M, Hoominian D, Bagherzadeh F, Kazemnejad A. "Presenting a Conceptual Model of Physical Literacy Development in Iran: Applying Grounded Theory". Research on Educational Sport. 2021; 9(25): 195-220.
16
[17] Dishman RK, McIver KL, Dowda M, Pate RR. "Declining physical activity and motivation from middle school to high school". Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2018; 50(6): 1206.
17
[18] Timler A, McIntyre F, Hands B. "Adolescents' self-reported motor assessments may be more realistic than those of their parents". British Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2018; 81(4): 227-33.
18
[19] O'Brien W, Belton S, Issartel J. "Promoting physical literacy in Irish adolescent youth: the Youth-Physical Activity Towards Health (Y-PATH) Intervention". MedCrave Online Journal of Public Health. 2015; 2(6): 1-6.
19
[20] Jones GR, Stathokostas L, Young BW, Wister AV, Chau S, Clark P, et al. "Development of a physical literacy model for older adults – a consensus process by the collaborative working group on physical literacy for older Canadians". BMC Geriatrics. 2018; 18(1): 13.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effect of the body type on the electrical activity of the abdominal muscles during gait
Introduction: Muscle performance could be influenced by physical features of the body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the body type on the electrical activity of the abdominal muscles during gait.Martials and Methods: Heath Carter somatotype method was used to determine body type. The performance of rectus abdominis muscle (RA), internal oblique muscle (IO) and external oblique muscle (EO) were recorded. The mean and the standard deviation were used for description of the data and ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey were utilized for comparison between three body types at the significance level of P<0.05.Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference in the root mean square (RMS) of EO and IO and the average percentage of that is higher in ENDO in comparison with the other two types. Also, the duration of electrical activity (DEA) was only significant for the IO between the endomorphs (ENDO), the mesomorphs (MESO) and the ectomorphs (ECTO) and its mean was higher for the ENDO.Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, we could claim that the difference in the performance pattern of the muscles in the abdominal area during gait is influenced by body type.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86140_d2cab7bfcb55b0189510c6a181afded7.pdf
2020-07-01
227
233
10.22059/sshr.2020.86140
body type
abdominal muscles
muscle activity
gait
Rasool
Ferasat
rferasat11@gmail.com
1
Ph.D. student in Sport Biomechanics, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Heydar
Sadeghi
sadeghih@yahoo.com
2
Professor, Department of Sport Biomechanics and Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran. Professor, Department of Sport Biomechanics, Kinesiology Research Center, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
AUTHOR
[1] Hildebrand M. “Walking and running”. Functional Vertebrate Morphology. Harvard University Press. 2013 Oct 1: 38-57.
1
[2] Bale P, Goodway J. “Performance variables associated with the competitive gymnast”. Sports Medicine. 1990; 10(3): 139-45.
2
[3] Ackland TR, Elliott B, Bloomfield J. Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport. Human Kinetics. 2009.
3
[4] Bloomfield J, Ackland TR, Elliot BC. “Modification of physique and/or technique to improve performance”. Applied Anatomy and Biomechanics in Sport. Melbourne: Blackwell Scientific Publications. 1994: 40-92.
4
[5] Horak, B. "Clinical assessment of balance disorders”. Gait and Posture. 1997; 6(1): 76-84.
5
[6] Ferasat R, Sadeghi H. “Comparison of the performance of the selected local and global core stability area muscles and changes in the center of pressure during gait with focus on body types”. Medrehab. 2021; 10(1): 102-112.
6
[7] Hu H, Meijer OG, Hodges PW, Bruijn SM, Strijers RL, Nanayakkara PW, van Royen BJ, Wu WH, Xia C, van Dieën JH. “Control of the lateral abdominal muscles during walking”. Human Movement Science. 2012; 31(4): 880-96.
7
[8] Standring S (editor). Gray's Anatomy E-book: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2020.
8
[9] Pel JJ, Spoor CW, Pool-Goudzwaard AL, van Dijke GH, Snijders CJ. “Biomechanical analysis of reducing sacroiliac joint shear load by optimization of pelvic muscle and ligament forces”. Annals of Biomedical Engineering. 2008; 36(3): 415-24.
9
[10] Hodges PW, Eriksson AM, Shirley D, Gandevia SC. “Intra-abdominal pressure increases stiffness of the lumbar spine”. Journal of Biomechanics. 2005; 38(9): 1873-80.
10
[11] Hodges PW, Gandevia SC. “Changes in intra-abdominal pressure during postural and respiratory activation of the human diaphragm”. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2000; 89(3): 967-76.
11
[12] van der Hulst M, Vollenbroek-Hutten MM, Rietman JS, Hermens HJ. “Lumbar and abdominal muscle activity during walking in subjects with chronic low back pain: support of the ‘guarding’ hypothesis?”. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2010; 20(1): 31-8.
12
[13] Jorgensen K, Nicholaisen T, Kato M. “Muscle fiber distribution, capillary density, and enzymatic activities in the lumbar paravertebral muscles of young men”. Significance for Isometric Endurance. Spine. 1993; 18(11): 1439-50.
13
[14] Bergmark A. “Stability of the lumbar spine: a study in mechanical engineering”. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. 1989; 60(sup230): 1-54.
14
[15] Hamill J, Knutzen K, Derrick TR. Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement. 4th edition, Wolters Kluwer Health. 2015.
15
[16] Saunders SW, Rath D, Hodges PW. “Postural and respiratory activation of the trunk muscles changes with mode and speed of locomotion”. Gait & Posture. 2004; 20(3): 280-90.
16
[17] Callaghan JP, Patla AE, McGill SM. “Low back three-dimensional joint forces, kinematics, and kinetics during walking”. Clinical Biomechanics. 1999; 14(3): 203-16.
17
[18] White SG, McNair PJ. “Abdominal and erector spinae muscle activity during gait: the use of cluster analysis to identify patterns of activity”. Clinical Biomechanics. 2002; 17(3): 177-84.
18
[19] Kaneda K, Wakabayashi H, Sato D, Uekusa T, Nomura T. “Lower extremity muscle activity during deep-water running on self-determined pace”. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2008; 18(6): 965-72.
19
[20] Carter JE. The Heath-Carter Anthropometric Somatotype Instruction Manual. San Diego, USA. 2002.
20
[21] Carter JL, Carter JL, Heath BH. “Somatotyping: development and applications”. Cambridge University Press. 1990.
21
[22] Comerford M, Mottram S. “Kinetic Control-e-book”. The Management of Uncontrolled Movement. Elsevier Health Sciences. 2011.
22
[23] Anders C, Wagner H, Puta C, Grassme R, Petrovitch A, Scholle HC. “Trunk muscle activation patterns during walking at different speeds”. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. 2007; 17(2): 245-52.
23
[24] Aveiro MC, Granito RN, Navega MT, Driusso P, Oishi J. “Influence of a physical training program on muscle strength, balance and gait velocity among women with osteoporosis”. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy. 2006; 10: 441-8.
24
[25] Ferasat R, Sadeghi H, Matinhomaee H. “The effect of the level of physical activity on electromyography of core stability muscles, ground reaction force, and changes in center of mass to pressure during gait.” JCPR. 2021; 6(3), e43.
25
[26] Thacker SB, Stroup DF, Branche CM, Gilchrist J, Goodman RA, Kelling EP. “Prevention of knee injuries in sports”. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 2003; 43:165-179.
26
[27] Hodges PW, Richardson CA. “Inefficient muscular stabilization of the lumbar spine associated with low back pain: a motor control evaluation of transversus abdominis”. Spine. 1996; 21(22): 2640-50.
27
[28] Hodges PW, Richardson CA. “Contraction of the abdominal muscles associated with movement of the lower limb”. Physical Therapy. 1997; 77(2): 132-42.
28
[29] Thorstensson A, Carlson H. “Fibre types in human lumbar back muscles”. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. 1987; 131(2): 195-202.
29
[30] Burke RE. Motor Units: Anatomy, Physiology, and Functional Organization. Comprehensive Physiology. 2011.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of kinematics and kinetics symmetry of lower limbs during running
Introduction: Symmetry and asymmetry of the limbs’ movement pattern during running is introduced as one of the main critical challenges of human locomotion. The aim of this study was to investigate kinematics and kinetics symmetry of lower limbs during running at a constant speed.Martials and Methods: The present study was conducted as a quasi-experimental study. Elite runner (age: 34.75±6.63 years) participated in this study. Running at constant speed was conducted by each subject at 2/5 m.s-1 on treadmill while kinematic (Raptor-4 motion analysis) and kinetic data (Force plate, Bertec) were captured at 150 Hz and 300 Hz, respectively. The internal joint moments in sagittal plane were represented in the joint-coordinate system and were calculated using a standard inverse-dynamics approach and were normalized by the subject’s body mass as well as running cycle over 101 time points. The normality and homogeneity of variances assumptions of the dependent variables was tested using Bartlett and Leven’s test. Independent t-tests were conducted to examine the symmetry of hip, knee and ankle moments between dominant and non-dominant joints during stance phase of running (P<0.05).Results: Results of the present study showed no significant difference exists between dominant and non-dominant lower joints regarding the peak moments of hip, knee and ankle in sagittal plane during stance phase (P>0.05) as well as between peak flexion angle of dominant and non-dominant hip, knee and ankle joints during running.Conclusion: Symmetry exists in lower joints sagittal moments and flexion angle during running at the constant speed. According to the results dominant and non- dominant lower joints play propulsive and absorbent roles cooperatively.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86142_a0d947a0c5340121c89e935e409bd112.pdf
2020-07-01
217
225
10.22059/sshr.2020.86142
Running
Symmetry
joint’s moment
biomechanics
Ali
Fatahi
fattahiali81@gmail.com
1
department of Sports Biomechanics, central Tehran branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Rozhin
molaviaan
rozhinmolaviaan1367@gmail.com
2
department of Sports biomechanics, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad university, tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] Papaioannou E, Portes R. Costs and Benefits of Running an International Currency. Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European. 2008.
1
[2] Sadeghi H, Allard P, Prince F, Labelle H. "Symmetry and limb dominance in able-bodied gait: a review". Gait & Posture. 2000; 12(1): 34-45.
2
[3] Lee DC, Pate RR, Lavie CJ, Sui X, Church TS, Blair SN. "Leisure-time running reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2014; 64(5): 472-81.
3
[4] Major WF. "The benefits and costs of serious running". World Leisure Journal. 2001; 43(2): 12-25.
4
[5] Majaj RM, Powell DW, Weiss LW, Paquette MR. "Ankle kinetics and plantarflexor morphology in older runners with different lifetime running exposures". Human Movement Science. 2020; 72: 102660.
5
[6] Van Gent R, Siem D, van Middelkoop M, Van Os A, Bierma-Zeinstra S, Koes B. "Incidence and determinants of lower extremity running injuries in long distance runners: a systematic review". British Journal of Sports Medicine. 2007; 41(8): 469-80.
6
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Qualitative study of effective biomedical factors in tendency of retired elite wrestlers to drug abuse; A grounded theory study
Introduction: Retirement is one of the difficult events. Athletes should adapt to the difficult experiences and heighten a sense of worth. Drug abuse as a negative coping behavior is a painful reaction to retirement. The aim is to identify the factors influencing the tendency of retired elite wrestlers to drug abuse. With a biomedical approach, this phenomenon was investigated.Materials and Methods: Using the method of contextual theory and semi-structured in-depth qualitative interview technique, factors influencing the tendency of retired elite wrestlers to drug abuse were studied. The data analysis method was coding, done in three stages of open, selective and axial coding. The data are in a paradigm model.Results: Factors such as sexual needs, strenuous exercise and injury were taken as causal conditions; physical pain was taken as a mediating condition; and retirement age and first experience of drug abuse were taken as an intervening condition and physiological need and doping as contextual conditions. These factors created a paradigm model. Athletes' strategies for drug abuse are: leisure purposes, wider variety of drugs, continuity of drug use and finally compulsive drug use.Conclusion: The consequences of drug abuse were initially pleasant and positive, but with continued drug use, it had harmful consequences physically, psychologically and socially.
https://sshr.ut.ac.ir/article_86144_80e4d72b54646c6791b3d483e371abe5.pdf
2020-07-01
135
144
10.22059/sshr.2020.86144
Retired Elite Wrestlers
Drug Abuse
Grounded theory
Biomedical Approaches
Mohammad
Khazaei
m.khazaei1987@ut.ac.ir
1
Department of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad
Khabiri
mkhabiri@ut.ac.ir
2
Department of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences,University of Tehran
AUTHOR
Alireza
Mohseni Tabrizi
mohsenit@ut.ac.ir
3
Faculty of Social Studies, University of Tehran
AUTHOR
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