University of Tehran PressSport Sciences and Health Research2981-02058120160320The Effect of 16 Weeks of Pilates Training on Trunk Core Stability in Menopausal Womenتأثیر شانزده هفته تمرینات پیلاتس بر ثبات مرکزی تنه در زنان یائسه1146145810.22059/jsmed.2016.61458ENMinaBikaranGraduate student, University of TehranElhamShirzadFaculty of physical education University of Tehran0000-0002-8683-473XAmir HosseinBaratiFaculty of physical education University of Shahid Rajaee0000-0002-9952-5557Journal Article20140725
Pilates is a series of specialized exercises that induces body and mind to influence strength, endurance and flexibility. Muscle strength reduces in women with aging and menopause. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Pilates training on trunk core stability in menopausal women. 30 menopausal women were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Experimental group completed 16 weeks of modified Pilates training. Trunk core stability was measured before training, after 8 and 16 weeks of training. ANOVA with repeated measures was used to compare the results of pretest and posttest. The results showed a significant interaction between group and time (<em>P</em>=0.00, <em>F</em>=13.85, <em>df</em>=2.48). Trunk core stability significantly increased after 8 and 16 weeks. Also, it significantly increased after 16 weeks in comparison with 8 weeks (<em>P</em>=0.007, <em>F</em>=8.668, <em>df</em>=1.24). 8 weeks of Pilates training increased trunk core stability and this increase continued up to 16 weeks in this training protocol. It was concluded that Pilates training not only prevented the loss of trunk core stability in menopausal women but also improved this stability.University of Tehran PressSport Sciences and Health Research2981-02058120160320The Effect of FIFA Warm-Up Comprehensive Program 11+ on Performance and Physical Fitness of Iranian Adolescent Male Soccer Playersتأثیر برنامۀ جامع گرم کردن فیفا +11 بر عملکرد و آمادگی جسمانی بازیکنان نوجوان مرد فوتبال ایران15365886110.22059/jsmed.2016.58861ENMostafaZarei0000-0001-9063-686XMohammad HosseinAlizadehNaderRahnamaTohidSeif-BarghiJournal Article20121029Previous studies showed that FIFA +11 program reduces soccer players' sport injuries considerably, but there is limited information about the effect of this program on physical fitness of soccer players. Thus, the aim of this clinical trial was to study the effect of 11+ program on performance and physical fitness of adolescent soccer players. 82 soccer players (aged between 14 and 16) from 4 teams participated in this study. The teams were randomly divided into two groups: control and training. Training group participated in 30 weeks of FIFA 11+ comprehensive program. The players' performance was measured by a test collection. The players of both groups were tested one week prior to and one week following match season (an interval of 30 weeks). Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measures 2x2. Analysis of data showed a significant group x time interaction in Sargent vertical jump test and Bosco repetitive jumping test. The training group showed more improvement than control group in these tests. But no significant differences were observed in pretest and posttest of Illinois agility, 40 and 20 yards speed, yoyo intermittent recovery level 1, sit and reach and dribbling tests between training and control groups. This study demonstrated that FIFA 11+ warm-up comprehensive program can increase Sargent vertical jump and anaerobic power of lower extremity muscles in adolescent soccer players but it did not influence other factors of physical fitness and performance.University of Tehran PressSport Sciences and Health Research2981-02058120160320The Effect of 8 Weeks of Selected Exercises on Strength of the Hip Abductor Muscles and Balance in Healthy Elderly Womenتأثیر هشت هفته تمرینات منتخب بر قدرت آبداکتورهای ران و تعادل زنان سالمند سالم37475886510.22059/jsmed.2016.58865ENElaheNorouziRezaMahdavi NejadKazemNorouziJournal Article20140501Decreased postural balance and control in the elderly cause unpleasant complications such as falling and hip fracture. Given the importance of balance and strength in the elderly's health, the aim of study was the effect of 8 weeks of selected exercises on strength of the hip abductor muscles and balance in the healthy elderly women. In this semi-experimental study, 50 elderly women (mean age 59.04±2.1 yr, weight 60.93±6.5 kg and height 152.45±2.28 cm) participated voluntarily. Static and dynamic balance and strength of the hip abductor musculature of participants were measured by tests of one leg standing time (OLST) (static balance), timed get up and go (TUG) (dynamic balance) and digital dynamometer device (strength of the hip abductor muscles) before and after 8 weeks of selected exercises. The descriptive statistics were used to calculate the mean and standard deviation of data and independent and dependent t test were applied to determine the difference between pretest and posttest scores of inter-groups and intra-groups at <em>P</em>≤0.05. Results showed that 8 weeks of selected exercises increased strength of the hip abductor muscles and improved static and dynamic balance of the elderly women. These findings emphasized the role of selected therapeutic exercises in improving static and dynamic balance of the elderly and also the existence of a relationship between strength of hip abductor muscles and static and dynamic balance of healthy elderly women.University of Tehran PressSport Sciences and Health Research2981-02058120160320A Comparison of Timing of Core Muscles between ACL Reconstructed and Healthy Athletes While Landingمقایسۀ زمانبندی عضلات مرکزی بدن در ورزشکاران با سابقۀ جراحی بازسازی رباط صلیبی قدامی با ورزشکاران سالم حین فرود آمدن49655887110.22059/jsmed.2016.58871ENKamalRezaieeVahidMazloumAghilMamashliJournal Article20150923Altered feed-forward mechanism of the motor control system can be one of the main reasons causing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) sprain. The aim of this study was to examine the core muscles activation patterns in patients with ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and healthy subjects during landing. 15 healthy subjects as the control group and 15 subjects with ACLR participated in this non-experimental case study.Electromyography of erector spine, internal oblique and gluteus medius muscles was recorded and onset latencies and time to peak latencies were assessed during landing. The time of foot contact with ground was determined by a sensitive surface. Onset time of all muscles during landing in the healthy group was significantly less than ACLR group (<em>P</em><0.05), that is to say onset latency of these muscles in ACLR group was higher. Time to peak in healthy group was significantly less than ACLR group (<em>P</em><0.05). The preactivation onset time and time to peak of core muscles were altered in subjects with ACLR compared to healthy subjects.University of Tehran PressSport Sciences and Health Research2981-02058120160320The Effect of 8 Weeks of Core Stability Training Program on Lumbar-Pelvic Function in Children with Autism Spectrumتأثیر هشت هفته برنامة تمرینی ثبات مرکزی بر عملکرد مجموعۀ کمری لگنی کودکان طیف اوتیسم67815887210.22059/jsmed.2016.58872ENSarvinSalar0000000248281257HassanDaneshmandiJournal Article20150115Optimal neuromuscular control of the lumbar-pelvic muscle plays a vital role in maintaining posture and maximizing efficiency of movement. Autism spectrum disorder is one of the neurological-developmental disabilities. Due to developmental defects in their nervous system and lack of physical activity, these children have balance weakness, body control and trunk stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of core stability training on function of lumbar-pelvic muscle in autistic children. The sample included 32 boys with ASD (aged between 6 and 10) who were matched based on Gilliam Garz Diagnostic criteria. The subjects were randomly divided into control group (<em>n</em>=16) and experimental group (<em>n</em>=16). Core stabilization training was performed based on Jeffrey protocol for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week individually in the experimental group. The lumbar-pelvic function was measured by step down test. After checking data normality by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, data were analyzed by dependent and independent t tests. The results showed that core stability training had an effect on improving lumbar-pelvic function in dominant and non-dominant legs of autism children in the experimental group (<em>P</em>≤0.05) while no significant changes were observed in the control group. Therefore, this training can be recommended as an effective program for trunk functional performance and core stability in rehabilitation of children with autism.University of Tehran PressSport Sciences and Health Research2981-02058120160320A Comparison of Activity of Selected Shoulder Girdle Muscles in Boxers during Punch Kick using Three Different Techniquesمقایسۀ فعالیت عضلات منتخب کمربند شانه در ورزشکاران بوکس هنگام اجرای ضربۀ مشت مستقیم با سه روش مختلف83975887410.22059/jsmed.2016.58874ENMortezaMadadi ShadNaderFarahpourJournal Article20150413The aim of this study was to measure the intensity of activity of shoulder girdle muscles in punch kick using three techniques: shadow boxing, punch against punching bag and punch against a real opponent. 10 elite boxers (age 24±3 yr, mass 78±24 kg and height 177±5 cm) and 10 amateur boxers (age 20±4 yr, mass 81±13 kg and height 173±8 cm) participate in this study. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to measure the activity of middle trapezius, anterior deltoid, middle deltoid, posterior deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps brachii and triceps brachii muscles of the punching arm. ANOVA with repeated measures was performed to statistically test the effect of three different techniques of punch kick. The effect of different skill level was tested by multivariate ANOVA (<em>P</em>≤0.05). The results showed that anterior deltoid had the greatest muscle activity and pectoralis major indicated the least activity during punch kick. The effect of these three techniques was significant (<em>P</em>=0.000) (considering no other factors). The shoulder girdle muscles required maximum and minimum muscle activity in punch against punching bag and shadow kick respectively. The effect of skill level showed no significant difference in the EMG activity of muscles (<em>P</em>=1.22). The obtained results suggested the presence of a goal-dependent muscle activity strategy in punch kick.University of Tehran PressSport Sciences and Health Research2981-02058120160320A Comparison of Ankle Joint Position Sense in Female Students with and without Pronated and Supinated Footمقایسۀ حس وضعیت مفصل مچ پا در دانشجویان دختر با و بدون پرونیشن و سوپینیشن افزایش یافتۀ پا991135887510.22059/jsmed.2016.58875ENSaideNobakhtFoadSeidiRezaRajabi0000-0002-0464-5688Journal Article20140910Since musculoskeletal disorders may impair proprioceptive function, the aim of this study was to compare the ankle joint position sense (AJPS) in female students with and without pronated and supinated foot. So, 87 Subjects were divided into three groups (pronated, supinated and normal foot, each group 29 subjects). The accuracy of the AJPS was assessed by absolute error of reconstruction of angles of 10° dorsiflexion and 20° plantar flexion using an electrogoniometer. The Kruskal-Wallis test results revealed no significant differences in the mean absolute error of reconstruction of angles of 10° dorsiflexion and 20° plantar flexion of the ankle among the groups (<em>P</em>=0.38, <em>P</em>=0.58). Based on the results of the study, on the one hand, it seems that the pronated and supinated abnormalities do not play a decisive role in the accuracy of proprioceptive function of the ankle joint and there are only structural and biomechanical changes. On the other hand, if the study is carried out in subjects with more severe abnormalities and a method in closed kinetic chain (but without engaging the adjacent joints) is used for angle reconstruction of ankle joint, different results may be achieved.